{"id":10478,"date":"2022-09-13T22:16:11","date_gmt":"2022-09-13T15:16:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/easymed.vn\/?p=10478"},"modified":"2022-09-13T22:16:11","modified_gmt":"2022-09-13T15:16:11","slug":"bai-giang-ky-nang-giao-tiep-trong-cham-soc-nguoi-benh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/easymed.vn\/en\/bai-giang-ky-nang-giao-tiep-trong-cham-soc-nguoi-benh\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u00c0I GI\u1ea2NG K\u1ef8 N\u0102NG GIAO TI\u1ebeP TRONG CH\u0102M S\u00d3C NG\u01af\u1edcI B\u1ec6NH"},"content":{"rendered":"

PH\u1ea6N L\u00dd THUY\u1ebeT<\/span><\/h1>\n

KH\u00c1I NI\u1ec6M GIAO TI\u1ebeP, K\u1ef8 N\u0102NG GIAO TI\u1ebeP, \u1ee8NG X\u1eec<\/span><\/h2>\n

C\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/span><\/h3>\n

Giao ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng giao l\u01b0u, ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac gi\u1eefa con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c b\u00ean tham gia t\u1ea1o ra ho\u1eb7c chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin, c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u1edbi nhau nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch giao ti\u1ebfp.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5: H\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3, hai b\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 chia s\u1ebb th\u00f4ng tin (v\u1ec1 <\/span>c\u00f4<\/span>ng vi\u1ec7c, v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb\u2026) m\u00e0 qua \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd c\u00f2n chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi nhau c\u1ea3m x\u00fac (c\u1ea3m th\u00f4ng, vui, bu\u1ed3n) \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch chung l\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u1ee8ng x\u1eed l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi nhau trong giao ti\u1ebfp sao cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 <\/span>hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/span>; L\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, trong nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p 1: Khi th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e1m c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn, m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e2n c\u1ea7n, h\u1ecfi han, chia s\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt lo \u00e2u. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e1m an t\u00e2m k\u1ec3 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh cho b\u00e1c s\u0129.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p 2: Trong khi \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, tuy r\u1ea5t \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn, nh\u01b0ng<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc <\/span>th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e2n c\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c y, b\u00e1c s\u0129, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh v\u1eabn c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng, n\u00f3i l\u1eddi c\u1ea3m \u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ecd.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p tr\u00ean cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c y, b\u00e1c s\u0129 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng x\u1eed ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i<\/span> hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 <\/span>cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1m, ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, n\u1ebfu b\u00e1c s\u0129 t\u1ecf ra l\u1ea1nh l\u00f9ng, qu\u00e1t th\u00e1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh (\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p 1); ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft b\u00e0y t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m \u01a1n (tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p 2) th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1m, ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh v\u1eabn di\u1ec5n ra, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng vui v\u1ebb. N\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng x\u1eed nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, l\u1ea1nh l\u00f9ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 b\u1ef1c t\u1ee9c v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng xung \u0111\u1ed9t gi\u1eefa hai b\u00ean.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 phi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/span><\/h3>\n

Trong <\/span>c\u00f4<\/span>ng t\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, giao ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p. Giao ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong ba nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1edbi<\/span> hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 <\/span>ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng trong ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp, \u1ee9ng x\u1eed t\u1ed1t, s\u1ebd gi\u00fap cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng: Th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p trong th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n; Gi\u00fap ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng; Gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc <\/span>NB v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0 NB; Gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf trong giao ti\u1ebfp, \u1ee9ng x\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y n\u00ean nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c x\u00fac kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng c\u00f3 \u1edf NB v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0 NB.<\/span><\/p>\n

NH\u1eeeNG K\u1ef8 N\u0102NG GIAO TI\u1ebeP C\u01a0 B\u1ea2N C\u1ee6A NG\u01af\u1edcI \u0110I\u1ec0U D\u01af\u1ee0NG<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp c\u00f3 <\/span>hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/span>,<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc <\/span>h\u1ebft c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n giao ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 ai. Trong giao ti\u1ebfp, hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng. Nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi truy\u1ec1n tin x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t th\u00f4ng tin t\u1ed1i \u01b0u nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c xung \u0111\u1ed9t trong giao ti\u1ebfp. th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh\/gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecd:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc: tu\u1ed5i, gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh, ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p, <\/span>d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c<\/span>, ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c, tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe (hi\u1ec3u \u00edt hay nhi\u1ec1u)<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe (quan t\u00e2m hay kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch (thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o)<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng giao ti\u1ebfp th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n, qua quan s\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng h\u1ecfi chuy\u1ec7n (ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n) ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh<\/span><\/h3>\n

Ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n nh\u1eb1m thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ch\u0103m s\u00f3c, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin. C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00f3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi m\u1edf. V\u1edbi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00f3ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng. V\u1edbi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi m\u1edf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i m\u00f4 t\u1ea3, di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i, th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi\u201ct\u1ea1i sao?\u201d\u2026\u201cl\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o\u201d\u2026 gi\u00fap \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng vi\u00ean bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ki\u1ebfn hay nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea7n trao \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1eb7t ra n\u00ean ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn, d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh\/G\u0110.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <\/span>c\u00f4<\/span>ng c\u1ee5 r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00f2a \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, gi\u1ea3i t\u1ecfa c\u00e1c \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng stress cho \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng vi\u00ean c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng l\u1eafng nghe ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh<\/span><\/h3>\n

L\u1eafng nghe t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng trong giao ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 l\u1eafng nghe t\u00edch c\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi \u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a ph\u00eda<\/span> sau <\/span>c\u00e1c l\u1eddi n\u00f3i, c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 hay bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u1eafng nghe t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe v\u1eeba nghe v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7u b\u1ed9, c\u1eed ch\u1ec9, s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec7u trong l\u1eddi n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 l\u1eafng nghe t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n:<\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ng\u1ed3i \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh<\/span><\/p>\n

Gi\u1eef th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1edfi m\u1edf<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u01a1i nghi\u00eang v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh<\/span><\/p>\n

Duy tr\u00ec ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u01b0 gi\u00e3n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafng nghe<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghe t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng:<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Quan li\u00eau, k\u1ebb c\u1ea3, h\u1ea5p t\u1ea5p, v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng, c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd, lo l\u1eafng<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u1ed3i kh\u00f4ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i<\/span><\/p>\n

Thi\u1ebfu<\/span> ch\u00fa <\/span>\u00fd l\u1eafng nghe<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh<\/span><\/h3>\n

Th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0: hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. S\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng l\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng t\u00f3m t\u1eaft c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

(Ngu\u1ed3n: Nguy\u1ec5n Ng\u1ecdc B\u1ea3o (2015), K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp trong th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng)<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac th\u00edch h\u1ee3p<\/span><\/h3>\n

Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1eefu \u00edch trong giao ti\u1ebfp, \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m (s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m), chia s\u1ebb hay ch\u1ea5n an ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm tay \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u1ecfe h\u1eb3n l\u00ean. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng im l\u1eb7ng<\/span><\/h3>\n

Giao ti\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft im l\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh n\u00f3i. Im l\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian quan s\u00e1t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh trong khi h\u1ecd \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng giao ti\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi, quan s\u00e1t k\u1ef9 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u00e9t m\u1eb7t, d\u00e1ng v\u1ebb, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9… c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec3 xem ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 s\u1ed1t ru\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh kh\u00f4ng, m\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c giao ti\u1ebfp hay kh\u00f4ng. Qua \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam, hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecd.<\/span><\/p>\n

Giao ti\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/span><\/h3>\n

Trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ebft b\u00e1o c\u00e1o, ghi h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 b\u1ec7nh \u00e1n, vi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. \u0110\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, trung th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc. C\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i:<\/span><\/p>\n

Ghi ng\u00e0y, th\u00e1ng, gi\u1edd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng (th\u1eddi gian)<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi (c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh) quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a (th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t) v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft khi c\u00f3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t chung.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

NH\u1eeeNG \u0110I\u1ec2M C\u1ea6N L\u01afU \u00dd TRONG GIAO TI\u1ebeP C\u1ee6A NG\u01af\u1edcI \u0110I\u1ec0U D\u01af\u1ee0NG<\/span><\/h2>\n

Giao ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh<\/span><\/h3>\n

Giao ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u00f3 t\u00ednh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00f3 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m, nh\u1eb1m v\u00e0o c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh; gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m x\u00fac hay v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb hay ch\u0103m s\u00f3c. Giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3<\/span> hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 <\/span>c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, v\u00ed d\u1ee5: thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh, ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh t\u1ea1i gi\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ec7nh khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ch\u0103m s\u00f3c; giao ti\u1ebfp khi t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a giao ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin. Mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin tin c\u1eady ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, trong nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh, t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nhau. Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c khi thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin, c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ecf nh\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u t\u00e2m t\u01b0, t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch, s\u1edf th\u00edch, h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n, m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p v\u1ec1 m\u00ecnh, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t, s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea1t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. \u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng n\u00ean g\u00e2y \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1edbi m\u1ebb, b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng giao ti\u1ebfp.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00edch c\u1ef1c kh\u00edch l\u1ec7 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 d\u00f9 l\u00e0 nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t trong giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. Ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft kh\u01a1i d\u1eady v\u00e0 gi\u1eef th\u1ec3 di\u1ec7n cho h\u1ecd, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn khi giao ti\u1ebfp. Bi\u1ebft duy tr\u00ec tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd trong giao ti\u1ebfp. Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, lo \u00e2u, gi\u1eadn d\u1eef… b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 v\u1ea5n an, t\u1ef1 \u00e1m th\u1ecb. Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 b\u00ed quy\u1ebft hay nh\u1ea5t trong giao ti\u1ebfp. C\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00ec \u201cbi\u1ebft nghe s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh bi\u1ebft n\u00f3i\u201d c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng thu l\u01b0\u1ee3m nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn b\u1ed5 \u00edch. C\u1ea7n n\u00f3i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, ng\u1eef \u0111i\u1ec7u \u00f4n h\u00f2a v\u00e0 l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed9, n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2u kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00e9o d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n phi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5 h\u1ecda nh\u01b0 g\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u, m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u1edf to m\u1eaft ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean\u2026\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00ean ch\u00e0o h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. H\u00e3y n\u00f3i c\u00e2u \u201cT\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap g\u00ec cho b\u1ea1n\u201d m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh. T\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh r\u00f5 trong ng\u1eef \u0111i\u1ec7u, \u00e2m thanh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u ch\u00e0o. N\u00ean k\u1ebft th\u00fac bu\u1ed5i giao ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, g\u00e2y \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Giao ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n

Gia \u0111\u00ecnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 kh\u00e1 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong qu\u1ea3 h\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c h\u1ecd. N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng giao ti\u1ebfp t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u0103m s\u00f3c. \u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh gia \u0111\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n, gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng vi\u00ean v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea1t<\/span> hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 <\/span>cao. T\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac gi\u1eefa \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng vi\u00ean v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, \u0111\u1ec3 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Giao ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 <\/span>hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/span>, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong nh\u00f3m ph\u1ea3i trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhau trong <\/span>c\u00f4<\/span>ng vi\u1ec7c.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n \u1ee9ng x\u1eed nh\u01b0 <\/span>sau<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p; c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ecfi v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n, nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1o <\/span>\u0111\u1ee9c<\/span>, l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ch\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ch, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng nhau ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ee3, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p trong <\/span>c\u00f4<\/span>ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng; ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 khi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng; bi\u1ebft c\u1ea3m \u01a1n khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1, bi\u1ebft xin l\u1ed7i khi sai s\u00f3t ho\u1eb7c v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh khen ng\u1ee3i nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng t\u00e2ng b\u1ed1c, xu n\u1ecbnh; g\u00f3p \u00fd nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng thi\u1ec7n ch\u00ed; thi \u0111ua v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh v\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch chung c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb; tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed1 k\u1ef5, ganh t\u1ef5, ho\u1eb7c g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 vi\u1ec7c <\/span>c\u00f4<\/span>ng, vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0 trong quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ea7n tr\u00e1nh trong quan h\u1ec7 \u1ee9ng x\u1eed v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p: T\u00f2 m\u00f2 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi t\u01b0, b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn x\u1ea5u<\/span> sau <\/span>l\u01b0ng, can thi\u1ec7p s\u00e2u v\u00e0o chuy\u1ec7n gia \u0111\u00ecnh, d\u1ef1ng chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ea5u cho \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p, quan h\u1ec7 nam n\u1eef kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u1ef8 N\u0102NG TH\u00d4NG B\u00c1O TIN X\u1ea4U<\/span><\/h2>\n

Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 tin x\u1ea5u v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tin x\u1ea5u<\/span><\/h3>\n

Tin x\u1ea5u (bad news) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00f4ng mong \u0111\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1ec1 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn b\u1ec7nh theo chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u1ea5u (b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n), bao g\u1ed3m t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1ng \u0111a kh\u00e1ng sinh; c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro, bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra; b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 t\u00e0n t\u1eadt hay t\u1eed vong cao… Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh\/G\u0110 v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ec7nh t\u0103ng n\u1eb7ng lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u0103n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f3.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Tin x\u1ea5u th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y s\u1ed1c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi, g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc <\/span>tin x\u1ea5u th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh l\u1eafng nghe v\u00e0 l\u00e0m theo l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1eb7ng khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tin x\u1ea5u, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n, b\u1ecf \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, s\u1ed1c n\u1eb7ng g\u00e2y tai bi\u1ebfn, hay t\u1ef1 t\u1eed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tin x\u1ea5u l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng m\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t. Th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tin x\u1ea5u kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1ed1t<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc <\/span>khi th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tin x\u1ea5u cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh\/G\u0110 \u0111\u1ec3<\/span> \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o <\/span>cu\u1ed9c giao ti\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh <\/span>c\u00f4<\/span>ng (th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng tin x\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tin x\u1ea5u cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh<\/span><\/h3>\n

Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb<\/span> ngu\u1ed3n<\/span> th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 tin x\u1ea5u\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c th\u00f4ng tin, ch\u1ec9 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 <\/span>ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh khi ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1\u00a0 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea3i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n theo c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc <\/span>nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh; d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh s\u1ebd h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc <\/span>c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi th\u00edch h\u1ee3p; d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u1eed tr\u00ed\/k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tin x\u1ea5u\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tin x\u1ea5u th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u0103m s\u00f3c, v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u0103m s\u00f3c l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u0103m s\u00f3c cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh t\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh ph\u00f2ng, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tin x\u1ea5u cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, n\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n m\u00ecnh.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tin x\u1ea5u\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n

Kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tin x\u1ea5u khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt, ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh v\u1eeba tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn n\u1eb7ng (<\/span>sau<\/span> ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt,<\/span> sau <\/span>m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee3t c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u…). N\u00ean ch\u1ecdn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i v\u00e0<\/span> sau <\/span>b\u1eefa \u0103n; khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103m s\u00f3c \u1edf b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. N\u00ean ch\u1ecdn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0o ban ng\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng x\u1eed tr\u00ed nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh khi nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin, \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ebd th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tin x\u1ea5u\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n

\u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin l\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n,<\/span> \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o <\/span>b\u00ed m\u1eadt cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh: Th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n, ho\u1eb7c ph\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1i gi\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tin x\u1ea5u t\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh khoa v\u00ec qu\u00e1 \u1ed3n \u00e0o, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi xung quanh n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng<\/span> \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o <\/span>\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. Kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tin x\u1ea5u t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i thi\u1ebfu t\u00ednh chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh, h\u00e0nh lang, v\u1eeba \u0111i v\u1eeba n\u00f3i\u2026 Kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o qua \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn tin x\u1ea5u<\/span><\/h4>\n

Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin y khoa li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u0111ang trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 h\u00f4n m\u00ea, \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u\u2026 th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u0111ang trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u00ec c\u1ea7n c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3<\/span> \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o <\/span>an to\u00e0n s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ee7 18 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1edf l\u00ean, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn tin x\u1ea5u m\u1edbi c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n nh\u1eadn hay t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i th\u00f4ng tin do \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cung c\u1ea5p.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf, tr\u1ebb v\u1ecb th\u00e0nh ni\u00ean (d\u01b0\u1edbi 18 tu\u1ed5i), Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean 18 tu\u1ed5i nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp th\u00ec th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ed1, m\u1eb9 ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn tin x\u1ea5u<\/span><\/h4>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh\/ ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn tin<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc <\/span>khi th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o, xem ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft g\u00ec v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin s\u1eafp th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch khi cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc t\u1eeb ng\u1eef d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tin x\u1ea5u cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n

Th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh<\/span><\/h4>\n

B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tin x\u1ea5u cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi ch\u00e0o v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ng\u1eafn, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m, quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. H\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3m ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ea5y kh\u1ecfe h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng? Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi h\u1ecfi th\u0103m c\u1ea7n ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1o r\u1ed7ng, v\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng: Ch\u00e0o anh An! h\u00f4m nay anh c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y trong ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Anh c\u00f3 \u0103n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n h\u01a1n h\u00f4m qua kh\u00f4ng?… (ch\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi xong m\u1edbi n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfp).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, gia \u0111\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh<\/span><\/h4>\n

M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tin x\u1ea5u l\u00e0 n\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ec7nh m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc <\/span>\u0111\u00f3. Do v\u1eady, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, v\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft. V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng: Nh\u01b0 anh \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft,<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc <\/span>khi \u0111i ch\u1ee5p MR<\/span>I<\/span><\/i> l\u1ed3ng ng\u1ef1c, anh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 kh\u00f3 th\u1edf, v\u00e0 tr\u00ean phim X quang ng\u1ef1c c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i m\u1edd \u1edf v\u00f9ng trung th\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh A: V\u00e2ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 cho t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y kh\u1ed1i m\u1edd \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng: \u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 kh\u1ed1i m\u1edd n\u00e0y, <\/span>ch\u00fa<\/span>ng t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb ch\u1ee5p MRI ng\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 anh \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd gi\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh A: V\u00e2ng<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tin x\u1ea5u<\/span><\/h4>\n

Khi c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng l\u1eafng nghe, t\u00e2m l\u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh; \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi quan s\u00e1t c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng: K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ee5p MR<\/span>I<\/span><\/i> ng\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a anh cho h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 <\/span>ch\u00fa<\/span>ng ta mong \u0111\u1ee3i (quan s\u00e1t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh A: Sao v\u1eady h\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng?<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng: Tr\u00ean h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh M<\/span>RI<\/span><\/i> cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Kh\u1ed1i n\u00e0y kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn, ch\u00e8n \u00e9p v\u00e0o kh\u00ed qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c qu\u1ea3n. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m anh kh\u00f3 th\u1edf v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 nu\u1ed1t th\u1ee9c \u0103n (… d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c quan s\u00e1t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u ng\u1eafn, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1eeba cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin, v\u1eeba giao ti\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng \u00e1nh m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, gia \u0111\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd, h\u00e0nh vi, \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n t\u1ea1m ng\u1eebng cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin.<\/span><\/p>\n

H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00e2m l\u00fd, c\u1ea3m x\u00fac<\/span><\/h4>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong quy h\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tin x\u1ea5u.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ed1t cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Lu\u00f4n l\u1eafng nghe ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh; th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t (s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe x\u1ea5u, thu nh\u1eadp gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat, th\u1eddi gian n\u1eb1m vi\u1ec7n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i…); Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang m\u1ecdi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef kh\u00f4ng l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m, d\u1ec5 nghe, d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. Khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh chia s\u1ebb suy ngh\u0129, nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd nh\u01b0 bu\u1ed3n r\u1ea7u, kh\u00f3c l\u00f3c\u2026 \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ebf ng\u1eebng cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin, quan s\u00e1t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c ch\u1edd m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbp kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh l\u1ea1i.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng: <\/span>Ch\u00fa<\/span>ng ta chuy\u1ec3n sang v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c nh\u00e9. B\u00e1c \u0103n u\u1ed1ng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? B\u00e1c c\u00f3 theo \u0111\u00fang ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n nh\u01b0 <\/span>ch\u00fa<\/span>ng t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 khuy\u00ean kh\u00f4ng?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh: T\u00f4i v\u1eabn c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0103n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng: B\u00e1c h\u00e3y c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng nh\u00e9. Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u00eam s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea5y.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng: T\u00f4i r\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfc khi ph\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o v\u1edbi anh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady <\/span>Ch\u00fa<\/span>ng ta \u0111\u00e3 mong \u0111\u1ee3i m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n th\u1ebf.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh: Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac r\u1ed3i\u2026\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng: Anh kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean suy ngh\u0129 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd h\u01a1n 5 n\u0103m v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0. Anh v\u1eabn c\u00f2n hy v\u1ecdng v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee3t \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ti\u1ebfp theo. <\/span>Ch\u00fa<\/span>ng ta s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c li\u1ec7u<\/span> ph\u00e1p <\/span>\u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb cho anh nh\u00e9?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c (k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng, g\u00e0o th\u00e9t), ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh vi nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n ng\u1eebng cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. Ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c theo d\u00f5i s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi v\u00e0 x\u1eed tr\u00ed c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3<\/span> \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o <\/span>an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n d\u1eb7n gia \u0111\u00ecnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103m s\u00f3c theo d\u00f5i s\u00e1t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n nh\u1eefng \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0nh vi t\u1ef1 t\u1eed. N\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh sang n\u1eb1m \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n (gi\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf xa c\u1eeda s\u1ed5), d\u1eb7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103m s\u00f3c b\u1ecf h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh t\u1ef1 t\u1eed nh\u01b0 dao, k\u00e9o, d\u00e2y,<\/span> thu\u1ed1c <\/span>ng\u1ee7… Lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103m s\u00f3c b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u00fac n\u00e0o, kh\u00f4ng g\u1ee3i l\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng tin x\u1ea5u v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i tin x\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n

Sau<\/span> khi th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tin x\u1ea5u, \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i xem ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng? N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh hi\u1ec3u sai, \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u00ean h\u1ecfi xem ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng? c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng: <\/span>Ch\u00fa<\/span>ng ta \u0111\u00e3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin. Anh h\u00e3y nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i xem <\/span>ch\u00fa<\/span>ng ta v\u1eeba n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh: \u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1eeba th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o v\u1edbi t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng hai th\u1eadn c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 suy \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n IV v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y th\u1eadn nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng: Anh c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch th\u00eam g\u00ec n\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh: V\u1eady l\u00e0 t\u00f4i s\u1ebd g\u1eafn cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1i m\u00e1y th\u1eadn nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o sao?<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng:<\/span> Tr\u01b0\u1edbc <\/span>m\u1eaft, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i<\/span> ph\u00e1p <\/span>t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho anh, c\u00e1i m\u00e1y n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c thay hai qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadn c\u1ee7a anh, gi\u00fap c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 anh th\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c. Do \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. Nh\u01b0ng <\/span>ch\u00fa<\/span>ng ta v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t hy v\u1ecdng, anh h\u00e3y \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd kh\u00e1m v\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1edd gh\u00e9p th\u1eadn. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gh\u00e9p th\u1eadn th\u00e0nh <\/span>c\u00f4<\/span>ng. N\u1ebfu anh mu\u1ed1n, <\/span>ch\u00fa<\/span>ng t\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u anh \u0111\u1ebfn khoa Ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m v\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n!\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u01a1i g\u1ee3i nh\u1eefng hy v\u1ecdng, l\u1ea1c quan cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n

T\u00e2m l\u00fd ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh khi ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn tin x\u1ea5u th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd bi quan, ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng g\u1ee3i l\u00ean nh\u1eefng hy v\u1ecdng, l\u1ea1c quan cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin, ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i tin x\u1ea5u nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, n\u00ean n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin l\u1ea1c quan h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec7nh, c\u00e1c li\u1ec7u<\/span> ph\u00e1p <\/span>\u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb m\u1edbi, nh\u1eefng can thi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng: D\u00f9 sao <\/span>ch\u00fa<\/span>ng ta c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng m\u1eebng l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i u c\u1ee7a anh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ed1i u c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng: Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ung th\u01b0, th\u00ec b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ung th\u01b0 v\u00fa s\u1edbm nh\u01b0 ch\u1ecb,<\/span> sau <\/span>khi ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3, \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1edbi 20 n\u0103m, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t. T\u00f4i tin l\u00e0 ch\u1ecb ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. Cho d\u00f9 b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi<\/span> thu\u1ed1c <\/span>\u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, nh\u01b0ng b\u00e1c h\u00e3y c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1eebng suy ngh\u0129 nhi\u1ec1u. S\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u1ec1 tinh th\u1ea7n c\u0169ng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u00e1c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh suy s\u1ee5p v\u1ec1 tinh th\u1ea7n. <\/span>Ch\u00fa<\/span>ng t\u00f4i s\u1ebd k\u00ea \u0111\u01a1n<\/span> thu\u1ed1c <\/span>gi\u1ea3m \u0111au \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u00e1c c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu h\u01a1n!\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh<\/span><\/h4>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tin x\u1ea5u kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin, m\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecfi:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u00f3 ch\u1eefa kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Li\u1ec7u t\u00f4i s\u1ebd s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao l\u00e2u n\u1eefa?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f4i c\u00f3 b\u1ecb t\u00e0n t\u1eadt v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n kh\u00f4ng?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u00f3 l\u00e2y cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng? C\u00f3 di truy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng?<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ti\u1ebfp th\u00ec t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb kinh ph\u00ed l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt th\u00ec s\u1ebd k\u00e9o d\u00e0i cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao l\u00e2u?…\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn tin x\u1ea5u:<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ti\u1ebfp theo cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh\u2026\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n vi\u1ec7n, chuy\u1ec3n khoa: \u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh: m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch chuy\u1ec3n vi\u1ec7n, th\u1eddi gian chuy\u1ec3n vi\u1ec7n, quy tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd: \u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n thu x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eb7p \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd c\u00e0ng s\u1edbm c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh ra vi\u1ec7n: \u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n ghi \u0111\u01a1n <\/span>thu\u1ed1c<\/span>, d\u1eb7n d\u00f2 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng <\/span>thu\u1ed1c<\/span>, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng, t\u1ef1 theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0, h\u1eb9n t\u00e1i kh\u00e1m (n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Sau<\/span> khi th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tin x\u1ea5u<\/span><\/h3>\n

V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh ti\u00ean l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1eb7ng ho\u1eb7c s\u1eafp t\u1eed vong, \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u00ean c\u00f3 l\u1eddi chia bu\u1ed3n v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. \u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u0169ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i<\/span> ph\u00e1p <\/span>cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gia \u0111\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng: <\/span>Ch\u00fa<\/span>ng t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho ch\u00e1u, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfc, do ph\u1ed5i ch\u00e1u b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1eb9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh: (Kh\u00f3c)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng: <\/span>Ch\u00fa<\/span>ng t\u00f4i xin chia bu\u1ed3n v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh. <\/span>Ch\u00fa<\/span>ng t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap th\u00eam m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c n\u1eefa cho ch\u00e1u l\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec m\u00e1y th\u1edf th\u00eam m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1edd gia \u0111\u00ecnh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. <\/span>Ch\u00fa<\/span>ng t\u00f4i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1eed ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00f3p b\u00f3ng duy tr\u00ec oxy cho ch\u00e1u \u0111\u1ebfn khi v\u1ec1 t\u1edbi nh\u00e0, n\u1ebfu gia \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00e1u v\u1ec1.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng khi th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tin x\u1ea5u<\/span><\/h3>\n

Khi th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tin x\u1ea5u, \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi n\u1ed7i \u0111au c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh: S\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng l\u1eafng nghe c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh; Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn th\u00eam; Gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1; Ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin; s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe xung quanh tin x\u1ea5u.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng, tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m… \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u00ean t\u1ea1m d\u1eebng vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin, \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m l\u00fd cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, v\u00e0 ch\u1edd th\u1eddi gian th\u00edch h\u1ee3p <\/span>sau<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh<\/span> tr\u01b0\u1edbc <\/span>tin x\u1ea5u r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tin x\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed tr\u00ed t\u1ed1t trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tin x\u1ea5u v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin x\u1ea5u, ho\u1eb7c khi bi\u1ebft tin m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n m\u1ea5t \u0111i. Qua \u0111\u00f3, \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin x\u1ea5u. \u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n lu\u00f4n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi n\u1ed7i \u0111au c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecd.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

PH\u1ea6N TH\u1ef0C H\u00c0NH<\/span><\/h1>\n

QUY TR\u00ccNH TH\u1ef0C H\u00c0NH K\u1ef8 N\u0102NG GIAO TI\u1ebeP V\u1edaI NG\u01af\u1edcI B\u1ec6NH<\/span><\/h2>\n

Giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng di\u1ec5n ra h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y khi \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. T\u00f9y theo n\u1ed9i dung ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u0103m s\u00f3c m\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, gi\u00fap cho vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea1t <\/span>hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/span>, l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \/gia \u0111\u00ecnh NB h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng giao ti\u1ebfp kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u00f4i khi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u00e0o h\u1ecfi khi g\u1eb7p nhau; ho\u1eb7c khi \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u1ecfi b\u1ec7nh, th\u0103m kh\u00e1m ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y; ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh khi l\u00e0m th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt ch\u0103m s\u00f3c; ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean chia s\u1ebb c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1edbi NB\/G\u0110 khi h\u1ecd c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd, \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn, kinh t\u1ebf; ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh\/G\u0110 h\u1ecd t\u1ef1 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c, theo d\u00f5i khi n\u1eb1m b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c khi xu\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7n,\u2026 Trong m\u1ed7i b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh giao ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ebd v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u0103m s\u00f3c.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y xin gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh giao ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh g\u1ed3m 17 b\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00f9y theo m\u1ed7i b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh giao ti\u1ebfp m\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ebd v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p (nhi\u1ec1u khi kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc).<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng ki\u1ec3m quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh<\/span><\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

K\u1ef8 N\u0102NG GIAO TI\u1ebeP TRONG M\u1ed8T S\u1ed0 TR\u01af\u1edcNG H\u1ee2P \u0110\u1eb6C BI\u1ec6T<\/span><\/h2>\n

Khi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 giao ti\u1ebfp, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 nghe, kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 n\u00f3i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh kh\u00f3 t\u00ednh, ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n\u2026 Trong nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y<\/span> \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o <\/span>ch\u0103m s\u00f3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c <\/span>hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 nghe, n\u00f3i: Nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 t\u00e2m l\u00fd nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m, d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng. V\u00ec th\u1ebf khi giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n quan t\u00e2m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nghe, ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung giao ti\u1ebfp\u2026 lu\u00f4n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng, th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m, l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e2u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn, d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3i ch\u1eadm, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, v\u1eeba n\u00f3i v\u1eeba quan s\u00e1t xem ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u0111ang lo l\u1eafng<\/span><\/h3>\n

C\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 lo l\u1eafng c\u1ee7a NB, t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 khi\u1ebfn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh lo l\u1eafng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: s\u1ef1 n\u1eb1m vi\u1ec7n, lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, \u2026), th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean gia \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y n\u00ean s\u1ef1 lo l\u1eafng cho NB. Gi\u00fap NB gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt lo l\u1eafng b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u00f5 cho NB hi\u1ec3u, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u00e1ch th\u01b0 gi\u00e3n, t\u1eadp h\u00edt s\u00e2u, th\u1edf \u0111\u1ec1u.<\/span><\/p>\n

Giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n<\/span><\/h3>\n

C\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a NB, t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. Khi giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1ecf ra \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, nghe t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u1eadp trung quan s\u00e1t v\u00e0 l\u1eafng nghe \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ea3m x\u00fac hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh,<\/span> sau \u0111\u00f3 <\/span>\u0111\u01b0a ra s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/span><\/p>\n

Giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh gi\u1eadn d\u1eef<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ea7n gi\u1eef t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng th\u1eadt \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i, nh\u00ecn th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o m\u1eaft NB, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd n\u00f3i h\u1ebft l\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0<\/span> tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i <\/span>kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3ng v\u1ed9i m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t hay ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n. Khi giao ti\u1ebfp c\u1ea7n gi\u1eef th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1eadt ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean nh\u00fan nh\u01b0\u1eddng hay e s\u1ee3 th\u00e1i qu\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

QUY TR\u00ccNH TH\u1ef0C H\u00c0NH K\u1ef8 N\u0102NG TH\u00d4NG B\u00c1O TIN X\u1ea4U<\/span><\/h2>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng ki\u1ec3m th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tin x\u1ea5u<\/span><\/h3>\n

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B\u1ea3ng ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp trong ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh<\/span><\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PH\u1ea6N L\u00dd THUY\u1ebeT KH\u00c1I NI\u1ec6M GIAO TI\u1ebeP, K\u1ef8 N\u0102NG GIAO TI\u1ebeP, \u1ee8NG X\u1eec C\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m Giao ti\u1ebfp<\/p>","protected":false},"author":21,"featured_media":10488,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[69],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10478","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dieu-duong"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/easymed.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10478","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/easymed.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/easymed.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/easymed.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/21"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/easymed.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10478"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/easymed.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10478\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10489,"href":"https:\/\/easymed.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10478\/revisions\/10489"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/easymed.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10488"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/easymed.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10478"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/easymed.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10478"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/easymed.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10478"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}